The question for the essay is : 1.     Symptoms and complaints related to normal pregnancy. Advice on reducing symptoms. These are subquestions as a framework for which they should be included into the essay  A decrease in smooth muscle tone and related symptoms: constipation, burning, varicose veins. Changes in the respiratory system, cardiovascular system and blood pressure during pregnancy. Physiological shortness of breath, explanation. Changes in circulating blood volume, hemodilution. Changes in blood clotting system, deep vein thrombosis: risk factors and prevention. Fluid retention, edema. Cramps in the legs. Skin changes – pigmentation, stretch marks. Reasons and suggestions for reducing discomfort.