Use this one 1.  https://libguides.washburn.edu/az.php?a=all&_ga=2.231505567.1014628100.1618369083-1838567422.1616722813 2. Click Academic Search Ultimate （fourth from the top) 3. Search “CANNABIS LEGALIZATION IN STATE LEGISLATURES: PUBLIC HEALTH OPPORTUNITY AND RISK.” 4. Open PDF You Can use  Name kana.furuichi@washburn.edu Pass 20010118 W22511374 This is Sample Annotated Bibliography Like this one Herbst, Susan. “The Powerful—If Elusive—Nature of Civility.” Rude Democracy: Civility and Incivility in American Politics. Temple U.P. 2010. EBSCO Host. 30 October 2018. In this book introduction, political scientist Susan Herbst argues that conventional ways of thinking about civility and incivility are inadequate for 21st century American politics. Challenging authors like Stephen Carter and Robert Putnam, who have called civility a set of social norms, she argues that civility is best viewed “as a tool in the rhetorical and behavioral arsenals of politics” (6). In other words, people are not inherently civil or uncivil; rather, they use civility and incivility deliberately to achieve political goals. Herbst contends that it is important to view civility in this way so that we can move beyond simply lauding civility as good and condemning incivility as bad—practices that ignore how “situational context” and “ideology” shape whether specific uses of civility or incivility are perceived as right or wrong (9). Some people, she observes, might use incivility to achieve what they view as a moral purpose, while others might use civility for personal gain. Moreover, the rise of new media has given people countless new opportunities to wield the tools of civility and incivility. These new media, Herbst argues, also make us crave constant “emotional affirmation,” and, when combined with our conventional view of civility, encourage the perception that civil behavior is that which makes us feel good (10). Instead, Herbst wants Americans to “develop the thick skin that strong democratic debate demands” (9). She concludes by urging us to view civility “as constructive engagement with others” so that we become more willing to engage in respectful debate and thus use civility more effectively (19). This source will be useful for my analysis of civility and incivility in the recent government shutdown because it provides insight into how politicians utilized both of these tools and can help me gauge their effectiveness. =========== I would like you to extract a sentence that matches this kind of content. When the cannabis-related incident was reported, the “cannabis legalization theory” has recently become a hot topic. Should cannabis be legalized? First of all, the reason why cannabis is illegal is that it is prohibited by the UN’s “Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs” and almost all UN member states have ratified it. Of course, Japan is no exception. And it is also because it is regulated by the “Cannabis Control Law” as a domestic law. However, the rigid argument that law is everything does not make much sense, and there is plenty of room for flexible discussions due to changes in the times or based on the latest and greatest scientific evidence. Harm of cannabis In the discussion about legalization of cannabis, there is always an opinion that “it is harmless compared to alcohol and tobacco”, but is that true? A well-known study is a treatise published in the prestigious medical journal “Lancet” that compares the dependence and harm of various drugs. According to it, the drugs with the highest dependence were heroin, cocaine, tobacco, alcohol, sleeping pills (barbiturates), stimulants, and cannabis in that order. In terms of harm, heroin, cocaine, sleeping pills, alcohol, stimulants, tobacco, and cannabis were in that order (Fig. 1). Figure 1 Drug dependence and harm (created based on Nutt et al., 2007) Figure 1 Drug dependence and harm (created based on Nutt et al., 2007) Certainly, cannabis ranks lower than alcohol and tobacco. However, it should be noted that this is a comparison of highly addictive and harmful drugs in the first place, and that the difference is only small. And, the author of this treatise warns that the degree of risk changes greatly depending on the usage pattern, frequency, amount, etc., rather than simply discussing the degree of dependence and harm. In other words, the argument that these drugs are safer than each other is nonsense and should be understood as “all are dangerous”. Furthermore, there is data that the concentration of THC, which is the active ingredient contained in cannabis, has quadrupled in the last 20 years due to recent “breeding”. In other words, the danger may be greater. According to another study, the rate of addiction when using various drugs is 35% for heroin, 4% for alcohol, 20% for stimulants, 9% for cannabis, etc. Tobacco is over 80%. It has also been shown that when teenagers start using cannabis, this percentage increases to around 17%. This is comparable to stimulants, and these data show that cannabis is more dangerous than alcohol. The World Health Organization (WHO) cites cannabis harm as brain dysfunction (cognitive function, memory, intelligence), respiratory dysfunction (chronic bronchitis, etc.), reproductive dysfunction, and increased risk of mental illness. ing. In addition, the dangers of traffic accidents using cannabis are often warned. In this way, it is true that there is a finding that cannabis is less addictive and less harmful than other drugs. But is it the reason why it should be legalized because it is relatively harmless of the various drugs? If cannabis is legalized, should MDMA and LSD, which are said to be less harmful, also be legalized? On the other hand, alcohol and tobacco are legal, but looking at these studies, there is no doubt that they are highly dependent and harmful. No matter how much the country and experts call attention and implement addiction measures, there are still 20 million smokers and 10 million problem drinkers in Japan. And there are many health hazards, crimes, accidents, etc. that accompany it. On top of that, is it necessary to lift the ban on yet another drug to increase the risk further? It also seems more rational to argue that alcohol and tobacco should be outlawed if the discussion is based solely on the magnitude of harm. Is legalization a global trend? Another opinion is that “the legalization of cannabis is now a global trend.” Is this really the case? At present, there are only three countries in the world that have legalized the use of cannabis for taste purposes. It is Uruguay, the United States (only in some states, illegal under federal law), and Canada. Needless to say, this is a violation of the UN Convention. In 2018, when Canada embarked on the legalization of cannabis, UN Chairman of the United Nations International Drug Control Committee Sumyai said, “It clearly violates the legal framework of international drug control and respects the agreed international legal order. It’s something to neglect. ” Also, it is often misunderstood that some European countries, such as the Netherlands, have not legalized cannabis and are only “decriminalized”. It is a policy that only a small amount of use or possession is not subject to criminal punishment. In this way, just because the three countries have been legalized one after another, it cannot be said that it is a global trend. Regarding the reasons for legalization and decriminalization, first of all, not only cannabis but also various drug problems are very serious in these countries, and law enforcement agencies are focusing on cracking down on heroin and cocaine called hard drugs. One of the big reasons is that I want to. Another reason is to eliminate the distribution of cannabis in the black market. So to speak, there is a big aspect that it is unavoidable. On the other hand, even though the number of cannabis cases is increasing in Japan, about 3,000 people are arrested annually. The problem is far smaller than in the United States, where about 40% of the people have experience using cannabis. Is there any reason to loosen the regulation of cannabis in Japan? If legalized, the number of cannabis users will definitely increase. In fact, Canadian health officials are busy dealing with increasing cannabis users. Create various posters, leaflets, pamphlets, etc. to avoid using cannabis that poses a health risk, do not use cannabis for young people, do not drive a car if you use cannabis, etc. It is arousing. It must have been obvious that the legalization of cannabis would cause these situations. On the other hand, there is evidence that the policy of decriminalization of substance use reduces the health risk and crime risk of drug users and suppresses drug use itself. This is because it is easy to connect to services such as medical treatment without fear of criminal punishment. The United Nations has also harshly criticized legalization, but has recommended alternatives to punishment for drug users (treatment, education, welfare, rehabilitation). Use of cannabis for medical purposes Another argument is the legalization of cannabis for medical purposes. This means that cannabis plants can be used as they are for medical purposes, and cannabinoids, which are the active ingredients of cannabis, are synthesized or extracted and used as cannabis preparations. This is recognized in many countries and can be seen as a global trend. Cannabis preparations have various effects such as pain relief for cancer and multiple sclerosis, relief of side effects associated with cancer chemotherapy, and prevention of epilepsy attacks. From a humanitarian point of view as well as for medical purposes, it is of great significance to consider the use of cannabis preparations in such cases. In Japan, morphine, stimulants, etc. are allowed to be used for medical purposes. However, it is highly questionable that cannabis alone should not be used for medical purposes. Therefore, it will be necessary to proceed with discussions on this point based on the latest and best evidence. In Japan, there is a strong sense of refusal to illegal drugs even from a global perspective. This, coupled with the high awareness of legal compliance among the people, is considered to be a major cause of the extremely small number of drug users, which is something that the world should be proud of. However, it is regrettable that just hearing about drugs leads to hysterical rejection and an attitude of not discussing at all. Regardless of the position, it is necessary to examine the socio-cultural background and scientific evidence, and to calmly listen to the conflicting claims while discussing.